EPICHLOROHYDRIN | ||||||
Chemical Identification Information | ||||||
Chemical Identification | ||||||
| CAS # | : 106-89-8 | Formula | : C3H5ClO | |||
| UN/NA Number | : 2023 | DOT Label | : POISON, FLAMMABLE LIQUID | |||
| CHRIS Code | : EPC | STCC # | : 4921005 | |||
Synonyms | ||||||
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NFPA Codes | ||||||
| Health | : 4 | |||||
| Flammability | : 3 | |||||
| Reactivity | : 2 | |||||
Response Information Data | ||||||
General Description | ||||||
| A clear colorless liquid with an irritating chloroform-like odor. Density 9.8 lb / gal. Flash point 87°F. Polymerizable. If polymerization takes place inside a closed container, the container is subject to violent rupture. Irritates the skin and respiratory system. Toxic by ingestion. A confirmed carcinogen. Vapors heavier than air. Used to make plastics and as a solvent (© AAR, 1999). | ||||||
Properties | ||||||
| FlashPoint (cc): 93° F (EPA, 1998) Lower Exp Limit: 3.8% (EPA, 1998) Upper Exp Limit: 21% (EPA, 1998) Auto Igtn Temp: 772° F (USCG, 1999) Melting Point: -54.4 to -14.1° F (EPA, 1998) Vapor Pressure: 10 mm Hg at 61.88° F (EPA, 1998) Vapor Density: 3.29 (EPA, 1998) Specific Gravity: 1.18 to 1.801 at 68° F (EPA, 1998) Boiling Point: 241.7° F at 760 mm (EPA, 1998) Molecular Weight: 92.53 (EPA, 1998) IDLH: 75 ppm ; Not applicable for Epichlorohydrin, a potential human carcinogen. (NIOSH, 1997) TLV TWA: 0.5 ppm Skin, Animal Carcinogen (©ACGIH, 2001) ERPG1: 2 ppm (AIHA, 2001) ERPG2: 20 ppm (AIHA, 2001) ERPG3: 100 ppm (AIHA, 2001) Water Solubility: 50-100 mg/mL at 72° F (NTP, 1992) | ||||||
Fire Hazards | ||||||
| When heated to decomposition, this compound evolves highly toxic fumes of phosgene and carbon monoxide. Reactive and incompatible with strong oxidizers, strong acids, caustics, zinc, aluminum, chlorides of iron and aluminumand compounds with an active hydrogen atom, including water. Unstable, avoid heat, contaminants, strong acids and bases, certain curing agents such as ethylenediamine. Hazardous polymerization may occur. (EPA, 1998) | ||||||
Non-Fire Response | ||||||
| Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard. Use water spray to disperse vapors and dilute standing pools of liquid. Apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors. Combustion products include corrosive or toxic vapors. Land spill Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material. Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete. Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash, cement powder, or commercial sorbents. Apply "universal" gelling agent to immobilize spill. Apply approriate foam to diminish vapor and fire hazard. Water spill | ||||||
Health Hazards | ||||||
| Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard. Use water spray to disperse vapors and dilute standing pools of liquid. Apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors. Combustion products include corrosive or toxic vapors. Land spill Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material. Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete. Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash, cement powder, or commercial sorbents. Apply "universal" gelling agent to immobilize spill. Apply approriate foam to diminish vapor and fire hazard. Water spill | ||||||
Protective Clothing | ||||||
| Skin: Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact. Eyes: Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact. Wash skin: The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated. Remove: Work clothing that becomes wet should be immediately removed due to its flammability hazard(i.e. for liquids with flash point < 100 F) Change: No recommendation is made specifying the need for the worker to change clothing after the work shift. Provide: Eyewash, Quick drench (NIOSH, 1997) ______________MATERIAL RATINGS______________ AL PET/PVC FABRIC 1-3 hours BARRICADE FABRIC > 3 hours BLUE MAX FABRIC > 3 hours BUTYL FABRIC > 3 hours GLOVES > 3 hours CHEMTUFF FABRIC 1-3 hours CPF III FABRIC 1-3 hours FEP TEFLON GLOVES > 3 hours NAT RUB GLOVES < 1 hour NEOP FABRIC 1-3 hours GLOVES < 1 hour NITRILE GLOVES < 1 hour PE GLOVES < 1 hour PE/EVAL/PE GLOVES > 3 hours PTFE TEFLON FABRIC 1-3 hours PVAL FABRIC < 1 hour GLOVES < 1 hour RESPONDER FABRIC > 3 hours SARANEX23P FABRIC 1-3 hours VITON GLOVES 1-3 hours (NOAA, 1991) | ||||||
First Aid | ||||||
| Warning: Effects may be delayed for several hours. Caution is advised. Signs and Symptoms of Acute Epichlorohydrin Exposure Acute exposure to epichlorohydrin may result in nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Liver and kidney effects may be observed. The respiratory tract may become irritated, dyspnea (shortness of breath) may occur, and in acute cases, respiratory paralysis has been observed. Central nervous system and respiratory depression have been noted. Facial swelling, mucosal irritation, dermatitis (red, inflamed skin), and eye irritation may also occur following exposure to epichlorohydrin. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to epichlorohydrin may require decontamination and life support for the victims. Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination. Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary. Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1. Move victims to fresh air. Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to epichlorohydrin. 2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 4. Transport to a health care facility. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1. Remove victims from exposure. Emergency personnel should avoid self- exposure to epichlorohydrin. 2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3. Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 4. If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 5. Wash exposed skin areas twice with soap and water. 6. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 7. Transport to a health care facility. Ingestion Exposure: 1. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 2. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 3. Vomiting may be induced with syrup of Ipecac. If elapsed time since ingestion of epichlorohydrin is unknown or suspected to be greater than 30 minutes, do not induce vomiting and proceed to Step 4.Ipecac should not be administered to children under 6 months of age.Warning Syrup of Ipecac should be administered only if victims are alert, have an active gag-reflex, and show no signs of impending seizure or coma. If ANY uncertainty exists, proceed to Step 4.The following dosages of Ipecac are recommended children up to 1 year old, 10 mL (1/3 oz); children 1 to 12 years old, 15 mL (1/2 oz); adults, 30 mL (1 oz). Ambulate (walk) the victims and give large quantities of water. If vomiting has not occurred after 15 minutes, Ipecac may be readministered. Continue to ambulate and give water to the victims. If vomiting has not occurred within 15 minutes after second administration of Ipecac, administer activated charcoal. 4. Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert. Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water. 5. Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims. Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults. 6. Transport to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998) | ||||||
Reactive Hazards | ||||||
| Highly Flammable, Polymerizable | ||||||
Reactivity | ||||||
| AIR AND WATER REACTIONS: Highly flammable. Water soluble. CHEMICAL PROFILE: 1-CHLORO-2,3-EPOXYPROPANE may polymerize exothermically if heated or contaminated. Reacts explosively with aniline. Ignites on contact with potassium tert-butoxide. Reacts with trichloroethylene to give the explosive dichloroacetylene. Violent reaction with sulfuric acid or isopropylamine. Exothermic polymerization on contact with strong acids or bases, zinc, aluminum, aluminum chloride, iron, ferric chloride [Sax, 9th ed., 1996, p. 1469]. REACTIVE GROUPS: Epoxides, Halogenated Organic Compounds (Reactivity, 2001) | ||||||
Fire Fighting | ||||||
| If fire becomes uncontrollable, or containers are exposed to direct flames, evacuate for a radius of 1,500 feet. Isolate for one-half mile in all directions if tank car or truck is involved in fire. Epichlorohydrin may react violently with water. Use water spray, dry chemical, foam or carbon dioxide. Water spray may be used to dilute spills to non-flammable mixtures. If leak or spill has not ignited, use water spray to disperse the vapors. Keep fire-exposed containers cooled with water. (EPA, 1998) | ||||||